So since I’ve semi-officially been granted the title of “The DDoS Kid” after some of the incident response, analysis, and talks that I’ve done, I’m starting to get asked a lot about how much the average DDoS costs the targeted organization.  I have some ideas on this, but the simplest way is to recycle Business Continuity/Disaster Recovery figures but with some small twists.

Scoping:

• Plan on a 4-day attack.  A typical attack duration is 2-7 days.
• Consider an attack on the “main” (www) site and anything else that makes money (shopping cart, product pages)

Direct:

• Downtime: one day’s worth of downtime for both peak times (for most eCommerce sites, that’s Thanksgiving to January 5th) and low-traffic times x  (attack duration).
• Bandwidth: For services that charge by the bit or CPU cycle such as cloud computing or some ISP services, the direct cost of the usage bursting.  The cost per bit/cpu/$foo is available from the service provider, multiply your average rate for peak times by 1000 (small attack) or 10000 (large attack) x (attack duration) worth of usage.  This is the only big difference in cost from BCP/DR data.
• Mitigation Services:  Figure $5K to $10K for a DDoS mitigation service x (duration of attack).

Indirect:

• Increased callcenter load: A percentage (10% as a starting guess) of user calls to the callcenter x (average dollar cost per call) x (attack duration).
• Increased physical “storefront” visits: A percentage (10%) of users now have to go to a physical location x (attack duration).
• Customer churn: customer loss due to frustration.  Figure 2-4% customer loss x (attack duration).

Brand damage, these vary from industry to industry and attack to attack:

• Increased marketing budget: Percentage increase in marketing budget.  Possible starting value is 5%.
• Increased customer retention costs: Percentage increase in customer retention costs.  Possible starting value is 10%.

Note that it’s reasonably easy to create example costs for small, medium, and large attacks and do planning around a medium-sized attack.

However we recycle BCP/DR figures for an outage, mitigation of the attack is different:

• For high-volume attacks, you will need to rely on service providers for mitigation simply because of their capacity.
• Fail-over to a secondary site means that you now have two sites that are overwhelmed.
• Restoration of service after the attack is more like recovering from a hacking attack than resuming service at the primary datacenter.

• DDoS and Elections
• Keeping Up With the DDoS Kids
• DojoCon DDoS Video
• The Rise of the Slow Denial of Service
• A Little Story About a Tool Named #RefRef

My DDoS presentation at DojoCon on Sunday.  A big thanks to Marcus J Carey for organizing the con and Adrian Crenshaw for doing the recording.

• DojoCon 2009 Presentation
• Barcode Hacking
• DDoS and Elections
• Massively Scaled Security Solutions for Massively Scaled IT
• DDoS Planning: Business Continuity with a Twist

Inspired by Anonymous, Operation Payback, and the “DDoS attacks as a legitimate form of protest?” article at ZDNet

• Conflicker ala IKANHAZFIZMA
• Noms and IKANHAZFIZMA
• IKANHAZFIZMA Finds Caution Tape
• Training the Apache Killers
• #RefRef the Vaporware DoS Tool

So for those of you keeping track at home:

• Indian firm Aiplex announced that they were launching Distribute Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks against The Pirate Bay. (the attack)
• The collective wisdom (Anonymous) of the Internet decided that in turn it would DDoS Aiplex, the MPAA, the RIAA, and their international counterparts in Operation Payback. (the counter-attack)
• Somebody has DDoS’ed the sites coordinating the attacks. (the counter-counter-attack)
• I’m popping up some popcorn to wait for the counter-counter-counter-attack and to watch the backscatter.

May we all live in interesting times, to say the least.  Some random thoughts I’m having about the DDoS campaigns:

• If people hate you enough to show up with signs outside your office to protest, they hate you enough to flood your network.
• Activist/vigilante/mob rule/protest has evolved to a very viable DDoS platform using a wide variety of operating systems.
• The DDoS campaign in 2008 against the Church of Scientology was called off by activist leaders, so now we’re seeing the unbridled fury of the Intertubez unleashed.
• On the tools side of things, I’ve seen some good development and some really creative methods to let non-technical folks to participate in the DDoS.
• Coordinating an activist army seems like the weak point in the model.

• Keeping Up With the DDoS Kids
• DDoS and Elections
• DojoCon DDoS Video
• The Rise of the Slow Denial of Service
• Apache Killer Effects on Target

So last week Anonymous staged a Distributed Denial of Service against the RIAA, MPAA, and Aiplex over Aiplex’s announcement that they were launching DDoS attacks of their own against torrent sites sharing copyrighted content.  In doing a bit of research on techniques that were being used, I came across this wonderful bit of script:

while true; do wget ‘http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH_RESULTS&title=&artist=&label=&format=&category=&type=&awardDescription=&startMonth=1&startYear=0&endMonth=12&endYear=2009&sort=Date&sense=ASC&perPage=5000000000&go=Search’ > /dev/null &  done

For those of you who don’t get it just yet, this is an awesome attack to study.  Basically what it does is to run an endless loop grabbing a search page url with parameters that will do a huge database query.  The beauty of the attack is that it’s “highly leveraged”: for one http get, you generate a sizeable amount of database load.  Now multiply that by thousands of yahoos out there running the same script, and it will rollover the target’s database server and possibly the applications servers that query it.

• A Little Story About a Tool Named #RefRef
• The Rise of the Slow Denial of Service
• Apache Killer Effects on Target
• DDoS and Elections
• DDoS Planning: Business Continuity with a Twist

My talking schedule over the next couple of months:

October 25-27: SecTor in Toronto, talking on DDoS and a turbo talk on some of my barcode stuff.

November 8-11: AppSecDC in um… DC, talking on the internal security program for a cloud vendor.

And coming to you, if you give me a call.  =)

• Where is Rybolov?
• DojoCon DDoS Video
• Metricon 5 Wrapup
• The “Off The Record” Track
• Massively Scaled Security Solutions for Massively Scaled IT